Management Information Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Information Systems - Essay Example Moreover, virtual reality applies the use of head mounted display that accelerates immersion and eliminates any form of interference from the real world. Notably, augmented reality combine the use of real life images and the three major display techniques, unlike the virtual reality that displays graphic information on handheld display and physical objects (Viega, 2010). Question # 2 The augmented reality is more appealing to the marketers than virtual reality, since nearly everyone has already experienced it, and is appreciating its application. Moreover, it can be applied in numerous commercial fields including sports and games, image guided surgery in medical procedures, marketing among other industries sectors. Additionally, markers prefer AR technology since it can be manipulated to produce interesting images for interesting marketing especially the phone applications (Maclntosh, 2010). Question # 3 The augmented reality has found its applicability in the real estate marketing s ince it readily avails real estate information and listings using phone applications. Moreover, the incorporated phone applications are easy to use by the phone users e.g. in locating a real estate. Additionally, the AR technology has made it easy to use small photographs that can easily be incorporated in the phone applications showing the features of the real estate or the actual property. Other than the mentioned applications of AR technology, it can be used as maps incorporating routes within a section of the city, museum. Furthermore, it can be used in the hotel industry advertisement (Maclntosh, 2010). Reference Maclntosh R. S. (2010). â€Å"Portable Real Estate Listings with a Difference, â€Å"United States, NY: The New York Times. Viega A. (2010). â€Å"Augmented Reality For Real Estate Search,’ NY: Associated Press. Interactive Session: Management, â€Å"Piloting Valero with Real Time Management† Question # 1 The management team needs to address several is sues before developing the Valero’s dashboard. Among the issues is how efficient the dashboard will assist in the management of the organization (Henderson, 2009). How many managers will the dashboards availed in their offices? Moreover, if the dashboard is to be availed to the public, will the company records remain save? Additionally, will the dashboard compromise quality of production? Question # 2 The availability of the dashboard in the remote areas of the organization makes it possible for any form of deterioration of quality in the refining process to be easily identified and corrective measure taken as soon as possible (Kahn, 2010). Moreover, the dashboard quickly reveals the occurrence of any production measures thus quick corrective measures taken unlike undertaking manual operation to the plant in determining where the problem might have emerged. Question # 3 Since the dashboards are to be separated, each dashboard will only need to display certain information. For quality performance, the refining dashboard will only be required to display certain information for quality performance. The refining dashboard shows the information including history of production and the current production data (Kahn, 2010). This would facilitate comparison thus quality assessment and

Chameleons Organism Physiology Essay Example for Free

Chameleons Organism Physiology Essay We know that an organism is anything that is living and can function by itself. This paper will help understand chameleons and how they have evolved to adapt to their surroundings. It will also discuss their physical features inside and out. Myths and facts will be revealed, as well as a few comparisons between sexes. Though there are many species of chameleons, everything discussed will be in reference to them as a whole. Chameleons are part of the reptile family. Half of their population lives and originated from Madagascar. Others can be found in the Middle East, Europe, and India. Fossils show that chameleons have been around for more than 26 million years (Klappenbach, 2014). The two scientific names given to them are Brookesiini and Chamaeleonini. Their known life span is to be around five to nine years (Switch Zoo , 2013). They are omnivores and carnivores, so their diet consists of insects, fruit, animals and flowers. There are also more than 135 different species of chameleons and six different subfamilies, which are Bradypodian, Brookesia, Calumma, Rhampolean, Chamaeleo, and Furcifer (Chameleons Online, 2002). The bulge underneath their tails can determine the sex of a chameleon visibly. This specie is commonly found in three types of habitats. The main one is the forest, where there are many trees and bushes for them to travel and hide. This is the same for scrublands, which is the second habitat. It is common for chameleons to want to stay off the ground and higher up, but few do like to make home in fallen leaves and sticks in large open areas. The third habitat is the desert, and even though it is hot and dry, few chameleons can still survive. Chameleons possess many features that are critical to their  survival, i (Komeleons). The first and well-known feature is their skin color. Their skin helps them to blend into their environment, but also stand out. They are able to regulate their body temperature and communicate based on the color of their skin. The important thing to know is that a chameleon’s skin color is a reflection of their feelings. When they feel threatened and s cared they will turn a dull color like a grey or a brown. When they feel dominant and want to defend themselves or their territory they will turn bright colors to seem more intimidating. There is evidence that suggests that chameleons evolved to stand out not to blend in. The reason their skin is able to change so many colors is because there is a layer of different pigments underneath known as chromatophore cells. There are four layers of skin cells that go in the order of yellow, red, blue, and brown in color. The color changing is from their hormones and not their nervous system. Females also change colors when they are pregnant or want to warn away males. Though chameleons are not the only organisms that can change color, they are among the fastest that can. Next, are the eyes of a chameleon. Their eyes are large and sit on the side of their heads. They are able to move separately and almost view 360 degrees of their surroundings (Foden, 2014). They are also able to move their eyes around without moving their heads. Another feature is their tongue. A chameleon’s tongue can be one and a half times longer than their body. When it is not extended, it sits coiled inside of their neck. They are able to extend their tongues to catch insects without being noticed, and the insects stick to it making it easier to catch. The fourth feature of a chameleon is their feet. Each foot has five toes. The feet in the front has two toes going outward and three toes going inward, while the back feet are the opposite. Their feet help them to grip braches to climb and stay mobile. Lastly, is a chameleon’s tail. Their tail is used for gripping while moving and to maintain their balance. When a chameleon feels threatened they can coil it, or roll it up, to make them appear larger while defensive. The inner structure of chameleons is also important in survival, ii (Neumann). They consist of a heart, oesophagus, lungs, liver, intestine, fat bodies, gal bladder, kidney, and cloaca. Females also have ovaries and oviducts for reproduction. They have a skeletal system that includes a very unique and important bone, the hyoid, iii (Terraristik). The hyoid is the bone that is connected to their  tongue. When chameleons extend their tongues you will notice that up close the bone’s outline is seen through the tongue. The hyoid is also used against predators when a chameleon feels threatened. They will push it down to extend their throat out to give the appearance that they are larger. It is clear to see that chameleons have evolved and are able to use many techniques to defend off predators. They are able to use their bodies to communicate with one another and express their feelings. Chameleons are also able to survive in normal and some extreme climates and habitats. The myth of chameleons being able to blend in with their surroundings has clearly been proven to be the completely opposite, as they change to stand out. In conclusion, there are many species of chameleons that have been around for many years, but they have evolved greatly over time. i (Komeleons) ii (Neumann) iii (Terraristik) References Bishop, G. (2014). Chameleons National Wildlife Federation. Retrieved from http://www.nwf.org/Kids/Ranger-Rick/Animals/Amphibians-and-Reptiles/Chameleons.aspx Casselman, A. (2008, January 8). Chameleons Evolved Color Changing to Communicate. Retrieved from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/01/080128-chameleon-color_2.html Chameleon Terraristik. (2006). Anatomy. Retrieved from http://www.chamaeleon-terraristik.de/html/anatomy.html Chameleons Online. (2002). Chameleons. Retrieved from http://www.chameleonsonline.com/species.php Foden, S. (2014). Parts of the Chameleon | Animals PawNation. Retrieved from http://animals.pawnation.com/parts-chameleon-3548.html Klappenbach, L. (2014). Chameleons Chamaeleonidae The Animal Encyclopedia. Retrieved from http://animals.about.com/od/Lizards/p/chameleons.htm SciShow. (2014, July 31). How Do Animals Change Color? [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fcb9us2YJe8 Switch Zoo. (2013). Chameleon

A study into the effectiveness on Homeschooling

A study into the effectiveness on Homeschooling In the information age, knowledge is one of the most powerful forces in society. At the same time, home schooling is becoming increasingly prevalent at an amazing rate. As to the function of it, there is a long-running controversial debate. Some people support that home schooling is a popular alternative to traditional educational environment. However, others stand on a very different ground. This phenomenon is often brought into public focus. As we know, home schooling means children are educated at home. Their parents play a significant role in the teaching tasks. They can be seen as the teachers at school. Since the human produced the family, home schooling was generated. The education that all people receive consists of home schooling with school education and social education. Home schooling happens between family members, because of that, home schooling is initially, lasting and it around the people who are educated. Home schooling has a great influence on human beings. To a large extent, this situation is desirable with its many positive aspects. Home schooling affects childrens physiology and psychology. In the physiological aspect, the families provide the material lives of their children. Families influence childrens growth and can establish childrens life habits, and so on. In the psychological aspect, families could guide the personality of their children. The personality, will and character of children are not inborn: they need to be cultivated by their families, especially in the early stage of education and family environment. Families make the greatest impressions of the growth of their children, and also they are initiative and authoritative. Home schooling could develop the confidence of children. Home schooling is different with school education. Home schooling need children just compare with themselves. During the growth of children, no one has the same life, so the parents should take the advantages and disadvantages as a key point in order to their children grow up. School education has a lot of homework. Excessive homework is encroaching on childrens free time and family time, making it difficult for them to engage in activities that are important for their full development (McReynolds 2007). But home schooling doesnt have homework. Children can do anything what they want to do in the free time. On the other hand, some countries offer some conveniences for home schooling. For example, Canadas government provides all the courses for the different levels of students, so the parents could use these materials to teach their children. Even though these students do not go to school, they still can send their homework to the school office to examine and their results will be kept in the files. The government also takes charge of these students. These students could take part in any public examination and the results will be admitted. Moreover, the most important is the university will acknowledge the results of home schooling. However, some people hold a different attitude, arguing that school education is better than home schooling. Firstly, in the objective of education, school education clearly reflects the requirement of students, and school education is scientific, clear and explicit. Because of that, the purpose of education is always subjective. Secondly, the comparing with the system, school education has its own organization and financial support. The school education has relatively independent system. And it can keep the stability and persistence of education. Nevertheless home schooling cannot achieve that. Thirdly, school education has strong to sense of organization, and home schooling is unable to do that. The comparing school education and home schooling, school education has wider range than home schooling. The students in the school can meet different people from the same age, and they should know how to communicate with each other so as to improve their social skills. However, the students just talk with the people they know in home schooling, they cannot develop their social skills and they might be become unsociable. It is a process that the children grow to an adult. There is a vital feature of process, which could not develop without communicate with companion. Even an excellent adult cannot replace the impact of companionship. Many people presume that a homeschooled child is unhealthily sequestered at home, away from normal social interaction in the broader community (Carlson 2009). Someone may say that the internet is increasing rapidly and home schooling will not have any barriers. It is not true because the internet cannot displace face to face communication, particularly the education of children is active and visualized. It cannot be replaced by machines. Even if the family environment is very good, students cannot realize these experiences when they are in school. School education is more interesting than home schooling. Meanwhile, the school is like a little social, that help children grow up and their abilities can be tested. The abilities and senses of the students are difficult to develop when they graduate from the schools. In my opinion, school education is the education of scientific culture, while home schooling is the education of the life value. To compare both of them, I think home schooling is more effective than school education. A person who does not have a positive outlook on life, on the world and on value, they will not bring benefit to the society. Even if they have scientific culture, they might bring harm to society. For example, some terrorists have high intelligence and are ability to create missiles, this behavior could harm the safety of society. All in all, I admit home schooling also brings disadvantages. For example, home schooling doesnt have its own organization and financial support. But in many aspects, its merits obviously outweigh its drawbacks.

MIS :: Electronic information

Electronic information is essential to the achievement of government organizational objectives. Its reliability, integrity, and availability are significant concerns in most audits. The use of computer networks, particularly the Internet, is revolutionizing the way government conducts business. While the benefits have been enormous and vast amounts of information are now literally at our fingertips, these interconnections also pose significant risks to computer systems, information, and to the critical operations and infrastructures they support. Infrastructure elements such as telecommunications, power distribution, national defense, law enforcement, and government and emergency services are subject to these risks. The same factors that benefit operationsÂâ€"speed and accessibilityÂâ€"if not properly controlled, can leave them vulnerable to fraud, sabotage, and malicious or mischievous acts. In addition, natural disasters and inadvertent errors by authorized computer users can have devastating consequences if information resources are poorly protected. Recent publicized disruptions caused by virus, worm, and denial of service attacks on both commercial and governmental Web sites illustrate the potential for damage. Computer security is of increasing importance to all levels of government in minimizing the risk of malicious attacks from individuals and groups. These risks include the fraudulent loss or misuse of government resources, unauthorized access to release of sensitive information such as tax and medical records, disruption of critical operations through viruses or hacker attacks, and modification or destruction of data. The risk that information attacks will threaten vital national interests increases with the following developments in information technology: • Monies are increasingly transferred electronically between and among governmental agencies, commercial enterprises, and individuals. • Governments are rapidly expanding their use of electronic commerce. • National defense and intelligence communities increasingly rely on commercially available information technology. • Public utilities and telecommunications increasingly rely on computer systems to manage everyday operations. • More and more sensitive economic and commercial information is exchanged electronically. • Computer systems are rapidly increasing in complexity and interconnectivity. • Easy-to-use hacker tools are readily available, and hacker activity is increasing. • Paper supporting documents are being reduced or eliminated. Each of these factors significantly increases the need for ensuring the privacy, security, and availability of state and local government systems. Although as many as 80 percent of security breaches are probably never reported, the number of reported incidents is growing dramatically. For example, the number of incidents handled by Carnegie-Mellon University's CERT Coordination Center1 has multiplied over 86 times since 1990,2 rising from 252 in 1990 to 21,756 in 2000. Further, the Center has handled over 34,000 incidents during the first three quarters of 2001. Similarly, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) reports that its case load of

Eduard Munch :: essays research papers

Eduard Munch (1863-1944) was a Norwegian painter, engraver, and printer. He is often reputed to have been a loner and a misogynist. Many of his works revolve around a motif concerning women and their obscene vulgarity. The two works that will be described here are Vampire (1893) and Jealousy (1896). These two depict women as creatures of temptation, petty provokers of pain, and selfish enslavers of vulnerable men. To just marginally understand Munch’s hatred of women, one must read upon his tragic past. Tuberculosis killed his mother when he was only five years old; it killed his sister, Sophie (whom Munch felt closest to), nine years later. In addition to these tragic events were his unsuccessful love affairs which all together bludgeoned his faith in women. In Vampire, Munch displays a scene in which a woman seems to be embracing a man. She appears to be kissing him on the neck, but the title of the work diminishes that meaning. Although Munch intended the action of the work as just a kiss, he later changed the name to â€Å"Vampire,† possibly to capitalize on the 19th century literary obsession with vampires. The intense switch in meaning plays on the mind of the viewer very curiously. It turns from compassion for the two lovers to sympathy and sorrow for the victimized man. The woman’s red hair becomes almost demonic and the background’s darkness transforms from a sorrow-filled unity between the two figures to a desolate ambiance of confusion. The dark green in the background is tranquil, but the viewer’s knowledge of the situation happening to the vulnerable man leaves the viewer in a state of ambiguity. A peaceful image is portrayed, but the woman is literally sucking the life out of the man. The red hair can be seen as a rainfall of blood emasculating the victim. The man has been deceived into finding love where there is unhappiness. He has found the tortures of being in love. The distorted and tangled strokes in the wh ole work represent the man’s faith in love being distorted and tangled. The strokes can also portray the woman’s deception, which is so fabricated by her â€Å"loving† embrace. Jealousy also carries the tormented-man motif. In this scene, a woman is chatting with and exposing her body to a man as her husband stands by, swallowing his painful jealousy. The husband’s face is close-up and facing the viewer, demonstrating his quiet enragement.

Grandparent raising their grandchildren and the social implication Essay

In American society, grandparent have been involved in the issues of raising their grandchildren in situation where the parent are not available, unwilling or not able to give sufficient care for their children. In other instances grandparent participate in taking care of their grandchildren even if the situation of parent are willing to care for their children. This is due to traditional cultures giving grandparent clear and direct duty for taking care and nurturing of their grandchildren. Traditionally, relationship between grandchildren and grandparent has been a special one but the current trend and growth of grandparent raising and taking care of grandparent has raise questions. In the past three decades, growth of the grandparent has gone beyond the perceived traditional role to social problem attracting researcher to study social implication of their role (Geen & Rob, 2004). A part from the traditional role of grandparent caring for their grandchildren being sentimental, this role in many instances has change to absolute caring and maintaining them. Their relationship has been special but the current trend means grandparent are taking responsibility of raising a second family. In the normal circumstances, children are expected to raised under intact family assume to having presence of both parent living in a favorable conditions. Traditionally, children would visit their grandparent in a situation where they are not living together over the weekends and sent back to their parent after the weekend. This trend has changed as the luxury of sending children to their parent of the weekend has changed to taking absolute care since the parent are unavailable, not able or not in position to take care of their children (Geen & Rob, 2004). Grandparents staying with their grandchildren are expected to take responsibility of raising and maintaining them. This result to social implication as the grandparent get to this role due prevailing circumstance other than something planned. Parenting role requires commitment or devotion as well as employment of financial resources. Roles of taking care of the grandchildren give grandparents massive responsibilities which may translate to emotional straining. The raise in number of families under absolute care of grandparent has increase to a questionable level which is beyond the traditional role. Study on the grandparent raising their grandchildren is important since it may evaluate the cause of the current trends, social implication to the grandparent and grandchildren, measures and solution to be taken. This paper investigates the tread and growth of the grandparent raising their grandchildren, its implication and solution to this problem and the help which can be advanced to this form of parenting (Edwards & Daire 2006). Culturally, nobody plan to raise a second taking all responsibilities which goes with this role. This means that grandparent taking fulltime responsibility of maintaining a grandchild cause to major change in the life of the grandparent (Edwards & Daire 2006). Demands which come with the role of parenting for the second time leads to unplanned struggles resulting to financial, emotional, physical, social and legal challenge not experienced the time when these grandparent were raising their own children. Most of grandparent are always in their old age, â€Å"The census of 1997 indicates that 33% of grandparent caregivers are under the age of 50, 48% are between the ages of 50 and 64, and 19% are over the age of 65† (National Resources Centre for Respite and Crisis Care Services 1998 para. 2). This means that engaging grandparent in raising of their grandchildren results trying to balance between struggling to manage their old age and caring for their grandchildren. Various studies have indicated that there is an increase in the case of grandparent raising their grandchildren. According to Casper and Bryson 2008, United States Bureau of the Census categorizes studies on this subject on five type grandparent maintained families i. e. â€Å"†¦both grandparents, some parents present; both grandparents, no parents present; grandmother only, some parents present; grandmother only, no parents present; and grandfather only present† (Casper and Bryson 2008 para. 1). This categorization is important as it helps to analyze implication since different states leads to different implications. Statistics from U. S. Census Bureau indicates that in 1970 3. 2 percent or 2. 2 million children in United States lived under care of grandparents. Overtime, the proportion of the grandchildren maintained by grandparent has resulted to a drastic increase. 1997 census on this subject indicated that there was an increase from 3. 2 percent in 1970 to 5. 5 percent or from 2. 2 million to 3. 9 million. This represents a 76 percent increase over period of 27 years. According to these statistical this increase was experienced in all in the above mentioned types of the grandparent care. The most notable was 118 percent increase of grandchildren with only mothers under grandparent with grandchildren living with their fathers increased by 217 percent. This change was more notable in 1980s but this further increased in 1990 indicating the greatest increase of children maintained by grandparents. According to Hammond 2002, statistics by American Association of retired Persons on 2000 census indicates that 2. 4 million grandparents are fully in charge of maintaining and solely taking care of their grandchildren. This was a 30 percent of the increase in the in 10 years.

And the mountains echoed by khaled hossieni Essay

This line of the text conveys the central idea of the novel in which the idea of sacrifice has been beautifully portrayed. The author tries to draw our attention towards the agony and misery of the father and brother of Pari who send her away for her better future and also the better future of their family. The story that is told by Abdullah’s father holds a very big significance and is symbolic of the love and affection coupled with deep sense of separation and helplessness. Abdullah’s father makes him aware of the striking reality of their lives through the story and the central idea of the whole story finds its place here. Abdullah who shares a tight bond of love and affection with his sister sacrifices her belongingness for her better future and life of prosperity. Just like Baba Ayub in the story gets separated from his beloved son, Abdullah was also to part with his sister. The journey of Abdullah from Shadbagh to Kabul holds upon him a test; a test to make him strong enough to leave Pari at his Uncle’s place. The Div of the story signifies the difficulties that one has to face in one’s life and once these difficulties are surpassed, there exists satisfaction and peace in one’s mind believing that his loved ones are happy and enjoying their lives to the fullest. Parwana in the story once says â€Å"It had to be her. I am sorry, Abdullah. She had to be the one. † And soon after this the author doesn’t fails to mention â€Å"The finger cut, to save the hand. † Abdullah tries very hard to bring a smile on Pari’s face and feels pleased in even exchanging his shoes for the peacock feather for her sister’s collection. The story in the beginning of the chapter is symbolic of pain and suffering that one experiences, when he has to part with his beloved ones and also signifies that the need of basic amenities is fundamental to the existence of humans. If the much adored ones are to be separated from one self so as to ensure these fundamentals to them then the pain and suffering is nothing at their cost. Journeys depicted in the novel:- The novel involves a lot of journeys that are symbolic of time which passes on covering the darker and the lighter shades of one’s life. This is evident from a line of the story that Baba Ayub tells to both his children â€Å"He walked until the sun was a faint red glow in the distance. Nights he slept in caves as the winds whistled outside. Or else he slept beside rivers and beneath trees and among the cover of boulders. He ate his bread, and then he ate what he could find ¬- wild berries, mushrooms, fish that he caught with his bare hands from streams- and some days he didn’t eat at all. But still he walked† . This he says in context with the fact that one has to face a lot of hardships and difficulties to find his loved ones back and in the end everything is fine to Baba Ayub as he accomplishes his goals and finds his son safe and sound with the Div. Abdullah travels from Shadbagh to Kabul to drop his sister at his uncle’s place and this gives hint to the readers that someday, the time will bridge all the gaps between him and his sister and also the pain and misery will go away. Pari goes away with her ‘Mamman’ and travels a long distance to reach France but the memories of her father fade away gradually with time. Pari loves her brother very much and shares an inseparable bond with him but with the passage of time, she leaves him behind and feels it difficult to remember the lullaby that was sung by him. These journeys also signify the changes that take place in one’s life that makes the individual develop new relationships with people surrounding him and leaves the older ones. NILA: THE SYMBOL OF DYNAMISM Nila or Pari’s ‘Mamman’ is a symbol of dynamism. The author very clearly depicts a contrast between her and the other women of Afghanistan. On one hand he shows Parvana, who wore clothes that cover her body completely and then on the other hand he describes Nila who exposes her legs and hands. For the society Nila is not an ideal woman as her ways are carefree and she is confident and self centered. But the author never fails to point out that she was admired and loved by the Afghani people at the Wahadati’s house because of her poems that were about love, lust and passion. In Nabi’s words â€Å"Nila’s poems defied tradition. They followed no preset meter or rhythmic pattern. † Nabi used to be pleased to spend time with her and this, the author mentions in the line â€Å"I was happy enough to be the vessel into which she poured her stories. † Nila was such a charming lady that no one could remove their eyes from her and she was always talked about in public. This shows the development and change in the mindset of the people in Afghanistan. Desires Couples with Suffering: The story of Roshi depicts a clear example of desired coupled with suffering. At one point the character of Chacha Idris is brought about as a savior but the author never drifts away from the realities of life and explicitly explains how desires of Roshi later turn into suffering. The bond of love between them though is never shaken. The promise that he makes to her is out of the bond of love but when he moves to his own life, he couldn’t keep his promise as the situations of his personal life coil up around him. THE MOUNTAINS ECHOED:- They are symbolic of the give and take relationships prevalent in the present world. The echoing in the mountains signifies that whatever may any individual does or receives is an outcome of his deeds that he has already done in the past. The echoing mountains also signify the nature of love and hatred that is; the more you give the exponential you receive. The echo from the mountains also signifies the memories of man that are lost in the conditions of life and as the time passes they become fainter and fainter. THE MUD HOUSES:- These are symbolic of the hard work and toil of people in Afghanistan, who in order to earn their daily ‘Naan’ have to do a lot of work. In winters the mud houses are the only shelter to poor and in the summers they are the only medium of defense from the scorching sunrays. People at Shadbagh were very laborious and so was Abdullah’s father who once said to Mullah Shekib â€Å"If I had been born an animal, Mullah Sahib, I swear I would have come out a mule† . Abdullah’s father had taught him how to make bricks and they had made bricks for a mosque in other town. The author has very well brought the idea of presence of a web of right and wrong in which every individual is coiled. He has very aptly explained the fact that mere existence of humans is based on the society and this society is the one which recognizes the powerful people as their leaders and the poor as the ones who strive for their livelihood. The helpless have to do away with their loved ones and ensure their safety and this is the fault of the society that it overlooks such sufferings of the people. Why a father had to leave her daughter at her uncle’s house? This was because he knew that his daughter would be safe with those rich people who were respected by the society and had a position. But the author is concerned about the emotions of the children who are parted at a very young age, also he is concerned about the inner voice of the father who wants to find his child, also the affection of Roshi with Chacha Idris and Pari with her father and mother; and so the author gives a small Rumi poem at the starting of the novel: â€Å"Out beyond ideas of wrongdoing and rightdoing, there is a field. I’ll meet you there. † With this poem the author conveys the emotions of every individual of the society who sometime or the other wants to leave all the complexities of his life and reach the level where no situations of helplessness and sorrow would bind him and he would not have to make any sacrifices to live his life. The author through the stories of Parwana and Masooma brings about the idea of complexity and jealousy that come in the lives of two twin sisters who were treated differently by the society due to their behavior that the society has divided into good or bad. Parwana also wanted to share the pure feeling of love with her sister but could not do so because the society had created a rift between the two. Gholam and Adel who belonged to strikingly different backgrounds used to meet secretly because the friendship between the rich and poor or high status people with low status people was not recognized as good by the society and this poem by Rumi fits in here as well.